During the time of the Roman Republic a team of three moneyers called triumviri monetales was responsible for the issue of coins. At the very beginning these coins were entirely anonymous, they thus bore no sign of the official responsible for their striking. Later, the moneyers started to identify themselves with symbols on their coins; then followed the initials of the moneyer in charge, and finally their names were spelled in full.
This denarius bears the the initials C. IVNI. C. F. under the hooves of the horses on the reverse. They stand for the moneyer Gaius Junius Caii Filius.
The horses belong to the divine twins Castor and Pollux galloping into battle in aid of the Romans, their lances ready. The obverse depicts the head of Roma, the personification of Rome. Behind her is the mark X for 10 as indication of value, because denarii were 'tenners,' coins worth 10 bronze asses.